邯郸市社区居民慢性病防控核心知识及获取途径分析

Research on the master level and acquisition mode of the core knowledge about chronic disease prevention and control among community residents in Handan City

目的了解社区居民慢性病防控核心知识掌握水平及获取途径,为慢性病健康教育方法提供依据。方法按照分层随机抽样方法,分别抽取6个社区和6个村18岁以上城市和农村居民300人。采用面对面问卷的形式调查,了解社区居民对健康生活方式、正常体重和血压及超重和高血压的危害等慢性病防控核心知识掌握情况及其获取途径。结果社区居民慢性病防控核心知识知晓率48.7%,其中男性知晓率46.2%,女性50.6%;35~44岁居民中有91.9%掌握慢性病核心知识,35岁以下居民知晓率20.8%~37.5%、45岁以上居民知晓率49.5%~50.0%(P<0.01);城市居民慢性病防控核心知识知晓率54.7%、农村居民为42.7%(P<0.05);小学及以下、中学、专科及以上文化程度慢性病知识知晓率分别为7.7%、50.2%和61.0%(P<0.01);事业、企业、农民、家务和学生慢性病知识知晓率分别为94.3%、50.7%、31.7%、60.7%和15.4%(P<0.01)。男性通过听说、电视和阅读获取慢性病知识的比例为64.4%、42.4%、18.9%(P<0.01),女性为53.0%、51.8%和20.8%(P<0.01),Logistic回归显示女性较男性更多地通过电视获取慢性病知识;不同年龄层次居民通过听说、电视和阅读获取慢性病知识方面存在差异(P<0.05),且随年龄增长通过阅读获取慢性病知识的人数减少;机关事业单位、企业员工、农民、家务和学生通过电视途径获取慢性病知识有减少趋势;农村居民较城市居民更多通过听说途径获取慢性病知识;无慢性病史的人群更多通过听说和电视获取慢性病知识。结论农民和青年人慢性病防控核心知识知晓率低,应加强慢性病防控知识宣传讲解而不是散发宣传资料。

Objective To analyze the master level and acquisition mode of the core knowledge about chronic disease prevention and control among community residents,and to provide basis for health education of chronic disease. Methods By stratified random sampling method,300 people over the age of 18 were selected from 6 communities and 6 villages. Using the form of face-to-face questionnaire survey,understand the master level and acquisition mode of the core knowledge about chronic disease prevention and control,such as healthy lifestyle,normal weight and blood pressure,and the dangers of overweight and hypertension among community residents. Results The core knowledge about chronic disease prevention and control of community residents was 48. 7%,and the awareness rate of male was 46. 2%,and the female was50. 6%; 91. 9% of respondents mastered the core of chronic disease knowledge in 35- 44 years old,under 35 were 20. 8%- 37. 5%,and over 45 were 49. 5%- 50. 0%( P < 0. 01); and the urban residents was 54. 7%,and the rural residents was 42. 7%( P < 0. 05); elementary school education or less,middle-school education and college degree or above in chronic disease knowledge rate respectively was 7. 7%,50. 2% and 61. 0%( P < 0. 01); the percent of institution staff,workers,farmers,domestic workers and students with core knowledge of chronic disease were 94. 3%,50. 7%,31. 7%,60. 7% and 15. 4%( P < 0. 01). The percent of men who got knowledge by heard,watching TV and reading was 64. 4%,42. 4%,18. 9%( P < 0. 01),and the women was 53. 0%,51. 8%,20. 8%( P < 0. 01),logistic regression showed that women got more knowledge of chronic disease than men through watching TV; there were differences in the knowledge of chronic diseases between different age groups by heard,watching TV and reading( P < 0. 05),and the number of people who had acquired chronic diseases knowledge by reading was reduced with age; logistic regression showed that institution staff,workers,farmers,domestic workers and students through watching TV to obtain the knowledge of chronic diseases had a reduction trend; rural residents got more knowledge of chronic diseases than urban residents by heard; the residents with no chronic history had more knowledge of chronic diseases through heard and watch TV. Conclusion Farmers and the youth had lower awareness of chronic disease prevention and control,should be strengthened to preach the core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control rather than send out health publicity material.