安徽省相关人群孕期基本知识知晓率及其相关因素分析

Awareness level of basic knowledge of pregnancy and its influencing factors among different populatione in Anhui Province

目的了解安徽省相关人群孕期基本知识知晓情况及影响因素,为探讨提高人群母婴健康知识水平的方法提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样法对安徽省5076名婚检对象、孕妇夫妇和儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果婚检对象、孕妇夫妇和儿童家长这3类人群的孕期基本知识总知晓率分别为2.6%(53人)、8.6%(128人)和6.7%(105人),差异有统计学意义(χ2=63.330,P<0.001)。婚检对象对"首次产前检查时哪些疾病要做相应的化学检查"问题的知晓率最高,为65.4%,孕妇夫妇和儿童家长对"补充叶酸从什么时间开始"问题的知晓率最高,分别为79.5%和69.7%;婚检对象对孕期基本知识各问题的知晓率均为最低。单因素Logistic回归分析表明,调查对象、地区、性别、年龄、职业、文化程度和家庭收入等因素与孕期基本知识知晓率有关。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,性别、年龄、文化程度和家庭收入是影响孕期基本知识知晓率的主要因素。结论安徽省相关人群对孕期基本知识知晓率较低,亟待采取健康教育措施,加强相关知识的宣传和教育,提高相关人群的孕期保健知识水平。

Objective To identify the awareness level of basic knowledge of pregnancy and its influencing factors among different people in Anhui Province,and provide basis for further intervention. Methods A stratified clustered sample method was used,5076 premarital care clients,pregnant women and their husbands,and child parents were interviewed by using a structured questionnaire. Results The overall awareness rates of basic knowledge of pregnancy among premarital care clients,pregnant women and their husbands,and child parents were 2. 6%( 53),8. 6%( 128),and 6. 7%( 105),the difference was statistically significant( χ2= 63. 330,P < 0. 001). Among the 12 questions,the highest awareness rate was 65. 4% for the question 'Which diseases should be tested during the first prenatal visit?' among premarital care clients. For both pregnant couples and child parents,the highest awareness rates were 79. 5% and 69. 7% for question'What time to start to take folic acid supplements?'. Univariate logistic regression results showed that factors such as research object, region, gender, age, occupation, education and family income were associated with the awareness rate. Multivariable logistic regression results showed that gender,age,education and family income were associated with the awareness rate. Conclusion The awareness of basic knowledge of pregnancy was low among different population in Anhui Province,and health education program should be developed and implemented to raise the awareness level.