2013年中国18岁及以上超重肥胖患者体重知晓情况分析

Awareness of body weight among overweight and obese adults in China,2013

目的了解2013年我国18岁及以上超重肥胖患者体重知晓情况,分析其影响因素,为制定慢性病重点人群防控策略提供依据。方法 2013年在中国慢性病及其危险因素监测的302个监测点,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法调査≥18岁居民共计179 570人,选取超重肥胖患者有效样本87 466人作为研究对象。问卷调查基本信息、体重知晓情况,测量身高、体重、腰围等指标。经复杂加权后计算样本体重知晓和准确知晓情况及影响因素。结果我国18岁及以上超重肥胖患者体重知晓率、准确知晓率、低估率和高估率分别为60. 8%、38.2%、15.6%和7.0%。体重知晓率和准确知晓率均为男性高于女性,<60岁组高于≥60岁组,城市高于农村(P<0.05),超重组体重准确知晓率高于肥胖组(P<0.05)。高年龄(60岁以上OR=0.78, 95%CI:0.69～0.87)、农村(OR=0. 78, 95%CI:0.66～0.91)、肥胖(OR=0. 85, 95%CI:0.78～0.92)是准确知晓的危险因素;高文化程度(大专及以上OR=1.82, 95%CI:1.55～2.13)、高年收入(2.4万元以上OR=1.47, 95%CI:1.26-1.70)是准确知晓的保护因素。结论应提高超重肥胖患者体重准确知晓率,尤其是女性、老年人及低教育水平和低社会经济地位人群。

Objective To understand the awareness of body weight and its associated factors among overweight and obese adults in China,and provide evidence for developing prevention and control strategies of chronic diseases for key population.Methods Data were from 2013 Chinese Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Surveillance Program,which covered302 surveillance sites and interviewed 179 570 adults selected through multistage stratified cluster sampling.A total of 87 466 overweight and obese patients aged≥18 years were included.The data were collected through in-person interviews and physical measurements.The awareness and accuracy in estimating body weight were analyzed after complex sample weighting to represent the overall Chinese overweight and obese adults.Results The awareness rate of weight was 60.8%,while the accurate rate was 38.2%.The rate of weight underestimation was 15.6%,while the rate of overestimation was 7.0%.The rates of weight awareness and accurate awareness were higher in men than in women,in age group<60 years old than age group≥60 years old,in urban population than in rural population(P<0.05).The elderly(>60 years old,OR=0.78,95%CI:0.69-0.87),rural area(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.66-0.91),obesity(OR=0.85,95%CI:0.78-0.92)were risk factors for accurate awareness.High education(college degree or above,OR=1.82,95%CI:1.55-2.13),high annual income(≥24000 yuan,OR=1.47,95%CI:1.26-1.70)were protect factors.Conclusion The awareness and accurate rates of weight should be improved among overweight and obese adults,especially among women,the aged,rural area and people with low education level and low socioeconomic status.