深圳市公众控烟基本信息知晓情况分析

Analysis on public awareness of tobacco control basic information in Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳市公众对《深圳经济特区控制吸烟条例》核心知识和烟草危害知识的知晓情况,以及探索《条例》核心知识知晓影响因素,为深圳市无烟政策的修订和执行提供科学依据。方法 2016—2018年分别进行了3次拦截调查,共对9436名公众进行了调查。采用χ~2检验和Logistic回归进行统计分析。结果 2016—2018年《条例》核心知识全知晓率分别为21.86%、27.05%和28.11%(χ_(趋势)~2=29.88,P<0.001),烟草危害知识全知晓率分别为41.91%、52.79%和50.63%(χ_(趋势)~2=15.28, P <0.001)。公众对禁烟场所的知晓率最高(54.39%、60.52%、56.66%),差异有统计学意义(P <0.001);对吸烟导致肺癌的知晓率最高(93. 28%、93.70%、92.25%),差异无统计学意义(P=0.231)。随着对烟草危害知识知晓程度的提高,公众全知晓《条例》核心知识的可能性也提高。结论深圳市公众对《条例》核心知识和烟草危害知识的知晓水平整体较好,但还需要针对性地提高控烟基本信息的知晓。

Objective To understand the public awareness of tobacco control basic information and Smoke-free legislation in Shenzhen, explore the influencing factors, and provide scientific basis for smoke-free legislation implementation in Shenzhen. Methods A total of 9436 persons were investigated in 3 interception investigation in 2016-2018. Data were analyzed by χ~2 test and logistic regression. Results The total awareness rate of core knowledge of the regulations in2016-2018 was 21. 86%, 27.05%, 28.11%(Trend χ~2 =29. 88, P<0.001). The total awareness rate of tobacco hazard knowledge was 41. 91%, 52.79%, 50.63%(Trend χ~2=15. 28, P<0.001). The public had the highest awareness rate of smoking-free places, the difference was statistically significant(54. 39%, 60.52%, 56.66%, P< 0.001). The awareness rate of lung cancer caused by smoking was the highest, the difference was not statistically significant(93. 28%,93. 70%, 92. 25%, P =0. 231). With the level of knowledge about tobacco hazard increaseing, the public had more aware of the core knowledge of the regulations. Conclusion The public in Shenzhen has generally knowledge of core information of the regulations and the tobacco hazards. It is necessary to purposefully improve the knowledge of basic information about tobacco control.