上海市金山区15～69岁常住居民烟草流行及影响因素分析

Prevalence of tobacco use and its influencing factors among residents aged 15-69 years old in Jinshan District,Shanghai

目的了解上海市金山区成人烟草流行情况及影响因素,为开展控烟工作提供工作依据和数据支撑。方法采用2017年金山区居民健康素养及烟草流行监测数据,对1815名15～69岁金山区常住居民的吸烟行为,包括现在吸烟率、每日吸烟率等进行描述性分析,采用非条件Logistic回归分析吸烟行为的影响因素。结果金山区15～69岁常住居民现在吸烟率和每日吸烟率分别为26. 89%和23. 20%,其中男性分别为51.56%和44.56%,女性分别为1.02%和0.79%。调查对象中每日吸烟年龄最早为14岁。吸烟者和非吸烟者二手烟暴露率分别为83. 80%和43. 70%。调查对象吸烟危害和二手烟烟雾危害知晓率为70.00%,其中认为吸烟能够导致中风、心脏病和阳痿的比例为71.35%、67.44%和43.58%,认为二手烟烟雾能够导致成人心脏病和儿童肺部疾病、成人肺癌的比例分别为69.59%、84. 85%和87. 60%。吸烟行为与性别、年龄、健康素养具备情况相关。结论上海市金山区15-69岁常住居民吸烟率处于较高水平,应加强吸烟及二手烟危害宣传教育工作,提升居民健康素养水平,降低吸烟率和减少二手烟暴露。

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of adult tobacco use in Jinshan District of Shanghai City, and to provide evidence and data support for tobacco control. Methods The health literacy and tobacco use epidemic monitoring data of Jinshan residents in 2017 were analyzed. A descriptive analysis was carried out on smoking behavior among 1815 residents aged 15-69 years old in Jinshan District, including smoking rate and daily smoking rate. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of smoking behavior. Results The current smoking rate and daily smoking rate of residents aged 15-69 years old in Jinshan District were 26. 89% and 23. 20%, respectively. And the rates in males were 51. 56% and 44. 56%, for female 1. 02% and 0. 79%. The earliest daily smoking age of the respondents was 14 years old. The secondhand exposure rates of smokers and non-smokers were 83. 80% and 43. 70% respectively. The awareness rate of smoking hazards and secondhand smoke hazards was 70. 00%. The awareness rates of smoking could lead to stroke, heart disease and impotence were 71. 35%, 67. 44% and 43. 58%, respectively. The awareness rates of secondhand smoke could lead to adult heart diseases, children’s lung disease and adult lung cancer were 69. 59%, 84. 85%, 87. 60%, respectively. Smoking was related to gender, age and health literacy. Conclusion The smoking rate of residents aged 15-69 years old in Jinshan District of Shanghai was at high level. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education on smoking and secondhand smoke in order to improve health literacy level of the residents, and to reduce the smoking rate and the exposure of secondhand smoke.