饲料营养价值评定的方法学进展

Advances on Feed Evaluation Methodology

活体消化代谢试验是评定饲料养分生物效价最客观的方法,但费时费工,不适合用作日常检测技术。在有大量实测数据的基础上,通过体外化学分析、仿生消化或近红外光谱(NIRS)建立预测模型,可实现饲料有效养分的快速评价。体外酶法测定谷物消化率的准确度较高,但不宜用来评定农工副产品。NIRS是目前饲料工业最实用的现场评价工具,但定标过程依赖于湿化学分析、预测方程、体内实测值和体外估测值。现有饲料营养价值评定方法各有利弊,互有关联,很难建立适用于所有条件的单一技术;因地制宜、择优选用是切实可行的做法。

In vivostudies are considered most reliable and impartial method to estimate bioavailability of nutrients in any feedstuff.Using live animals for routine evaluation,however,is not practical due to time,cost and ethical concerns.Based on large amounts of data from wet chemistry and after validation by in vivo experiments,predictive models can be established with regression equation,in vitro digestion and near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)to achieve rapid assessment of feed ingredient quality.The in vitro digestion method to determine nutritional value has shown to be better especially for cereal grains,but the accuracy is poor for agro-industrial coproducts.At present,NIRS is the most promising feed evaluation technique available for routine use,but its prediction relies on data from wet chemistry,in vivo and in vitro studies.Thus,there is no single tool to be referred independently as the best method applicable to all cases.It is advisable to select a model tailored to local conditions and needs.