禽流感病毒抗原变异的研究进展

Research Progress on Antigenic Variation of Avian Influenza Virus

禽流感病毒(Avian influenza virus,AIV)属于正黏病毒科(Orthomyxoviridae),A型流感病毒属(Influenzavirus A)。禽流感至今仍无法有效控制的主要原因是其表面蛋白极易发生变异。而基因的变异往往会引起病毒的抗原发生改变,从而产生新的毒株。文章从禽流感病毒抗原变异的方式,禽流感病毒抗原变异与宿主免疫状态的关系,以及变异后流感病毒受体结合发生改变等方面归纳了禽流感病毒抗原变异的机制和影响。

Avian influenza virus(AIV)affiliates to the genus of Influenzavirus A in Orthomyxoviridae family.The main reason for the epidemic of avian influenza(AI)is that its surface protein is very easy to change.Mutations in surface protein genes often cause changes in the virus′s antigens,generating new strains.This paper summarized the mechanism and consequence of antigen variation of AIV from the aspects of the way of antigen variation,the relationship between antigen variation and host immune status,and the change of receptor binding after mutation.