立体散养福利鸡舍蛋鸡产蛋后期日产蛋和窝外蛋分布规律研究

Patterns of Oviposition and Eggs Outside the Nest of Laying Hens in the Three-dimensional Free-range Welfare Henhouse during the Late Laying Period

为研究立体散养福利化蛋鸡舍蛋鸡产蛋后期日产蛋和窝外蛋分布规律,对52周龄新杨黑羽蛋鸡每日不同时间段产蛋量和全天窝外蛋进行测定,计算产蛋比例,对其进行拟合,并统计窝外蛋比例。结果显示:5∶00~11∶00产蛋比例逐渐增加,并在11∶00达到产蛋高峰,之后逐渐下降,且上午累积产蛋量显著高于下午。夜光区侧区域每天每箱产蛋量显著高于阳光区侧区域,特别是夜光区侧区域在9∶00~11∶00、11∶00~13∶00、15∶00~17∶00和19∶00~21∶00显著高于阳光区侧区域。拟合结果显示:产蛋比例曲线为类似于正态分布峰度左偏的偏态分布曲线,且符合多项式(yP)函数yP=238.59756-579.11051x+532.98715x^2-234.87362x^3+55.77107x^4-7.33219x^5+0.50265x^6-0.01402x^7,R^2=0.99872,x∈(1,9)。此外,研究发现窝外蛋分布具有区域特异性。由此建议:应根据鸡群的产蛋规律和窝外蛋分布规律,合理安排饲养管理时间,加强饲养管理及日常工作以提高企业生产效率和经济效益。

This study aimed to investigate the patterns of oviposition and eggs outside the nest of laying hens in the three-dimensional free-range welfare henhouse during the late laying period.The number of eggs at seven different period and eggs outside the nest of 52-week-age Xinyang black laying hens were recorded daily.The ratio of egg production rate was calculated and fitted,and eggs outside the nest were statisticed.Results clearly demonstrated that the ratio of egg production rate increased gradually from 5∶00 to 11∶00 and reach a maximum at 11∶00,and decreasing afterward.Egg production was significantly higher in the morning than in the afternoon.Egg production per nest box was significantly higher in dark side of dark area than in sunlight side of dark area daily,specifically,egg production were higher in dark side of dark area than in sunlight side of dark area during 9∶00 to 11∶00,11∶00 to 13∶00,15∶00 to 17∶00 and 19∶00 to 21∶00.The fitting results illustrated that the distribution curve of the ratio of egg production rate was skewed and seems more consistent with polynomial function,yP=238.59756-579.11051 x+532.98715 x^2-234.87362 x^3+55.77107 x^4-7.33219 x^5+0.50265 x^6-0.01402 x^7,R^2=0.99872,x∈(1,9).Moreover,the results demonstrated a region-specific distributions in eggs outside the nest.The overall results suggested that the time of feeding management should be arranged reasonably,and feeding management and daily work strengthened according to the patterns of oviposition and eggs outside the nest of laying hens to improve the production efficiency and economic benefits.