新疆煤田火区的危害与治理挑战

Damages and cellenge for governing of coalfield fires in Xinjiang

煤层自燃是我国煤矿生产过程中的主要灾害之一,新疆煤田火区的煤炭自燃不仅对经济、社会和生态环境等造成巨大的影响、还对人类的健康与动物的生存造成很大威胁。从煤火造成大量的资源浪费、大气环境的污染、地表及地下水资源的污染、岩土环境的稳定性造成破坏以及危害生物健康等方面的危害进行论述,通过野外实地调查与文献资料调查,探究了新疆煤田火灾的治理取得的成果,有效的治理方法以及火灾治理的现状和新疆煤田火灾治理过程中所面临的挑战,并根据所面临的挑战提出应对新疆煤田火灾可行的对策措施。

Spontaneous combustion of coal seam is one of the serious disasters in the production process of coal mine.The impact of coal fire in Xinjiang is not only on the economic,social and ecological environment,but also caused threat to the health of human and animal survival.The paper discussed the environmental hazards from some aspects,such as the waste of resources,pollution of atmospheric environment,surface and groundwater resources,the stability of geotechnical environment destruction.Through the investigation of field work and literature,the paper summarized some achievements of the coal fire management,some effective measures to control the coal fire,the present situation of coal fire and the challenge of dealing with Xinjiang coal fire.At last,the paper put forward some feasible countermeasures to control the coal fire.