页岩气压裂试气工程技术进展

The development of fracturing and gas testing technology in shale gas resources

近年来,北美页岩气勘探开发的快速发展使全球掀起了一场轰轰烈烈的"页岩气革命"。我国是除了美国和加拿大之外第三个商业开发页岩气的国家,国内主要是学习借鉴美国在该领域以水平井钻完井及水平井分段压裂和试气为主体的技术并不断自我更新与完善,压裂试气主要包括泵送桥塞及射孔、水平井分段压裂、连续油管钻桥塞、试气投产四个部分。随着我国页岩气开发的不断深入和页岩气井的不断加深,页岩气压裂试气工艺技术和装备也在不断更新换代,如:复合桥塞实现了国产化且价格不断降低,压裂装备从2 000hp升级到3 000hp并实现了井工厂压裂,连续油管管径从1-1/2″升级到2″甚至更大,测试管汇由70 MPa升级到105 MPa,这些工艺技术和装备工具的突破对于促进我国页岩气开发具有十分重要的意义。

Recently,the rapid growth of exploration and development of north shale gas resources has motivated shale gas revolution globally.As the third commercially developing shale gas country after America and Canada,China has upgraded drilling,completion,staged fracturing and gas testing technology in horizontal wells by learning from North America.Fracturing and gas testing mainly include bridge plug pump&perforation,staged fracturing in horizontal wells,drilling bridge plug with coiled tubing(CT)and gas testing technology.As wider area and more depth of shale gas wells,the fracturing&gas testing technology and equipment are gradually upgrading in China.For example,the complex plug has been produced domestically and decreased price,the pump unit has upgraded from 2 000 hp to 3 000 hp and implemented well pad fracturing operation,the CT has enlarged OD from 1-1/2″to 2″and even larger,the pressure capacity of testing manifold has increased from 70 MPa to 105 MPa.The breakthrough of the technology and equipment above are vital important to promote the development of shale gas resources in China.