锆资源形势分析及全球布局

Analysis of the zirconium resource situation and global layout

锆作为我国战略性新兴矿产资源之一,对外依存度长期在90%以上。2017年,前三大供应商提供了65.33万t锆精矿,占全球总产量的近50%,我国的产量不足1万t,需求量却达62.3万t,近三年的进口量均超过100万t。随着高端制造业对金属锆、复合锆、核级海绵锆等的需求逐步增长,以及智能通信、智能穿戴等新兴行业的应用不断扩展,对锆资源的需求将稳步增长,而且中国仍将是增长最快的国家。鉴于中国锆资源禀赋差、产业结构不合理、对外依存度高、供应集中度高等特点,为保障我国锆资源安全,建议一方面立足国内,加强选冶技术攻关,加大勘查力度,提高国内资源保障程度;另一方面积极布局海外,在全球范围内实现锆资源合理配置。

Zirconium is one of the new strategic minerals in China.Its external dependency has exceeded 90%for almost ten years.In 2017,the top three providers supplied 653 000 tons zirconium which account for nearly 50%of the total production.China’s output is less than 10 000 tons,but the demand is 623 000 tons.In recent three years,China yearly import more than 1 000 000 tons zirconium.With the gradual growth of high-end manufacturing demand for zirconium metal,synthetic zirconia,and nuclear grade zirconium sponge,as well as the applications expansion to intelligent communication and other newindustries,the demand for zirconium resources will grow steadily,and the fastest growing will still come from China.In view of China’s zirconium resource endowment is poor,the industrial structure is unreasonable,the external dependency is high,the supply is highly concentrated,in order to ensure the safety of China,it is recommended to improve the domestic supply by strengthening the research of processing and metallurgical technology,on the other hand,to participate in the allocation of zirconium resources in worldwide.