高潜水位煤矿区生态补偿标准评估框架与测算:以东滩煤矿为例

Evaluation framework and calculation of eco-compensation standard in coal mining area with high ground-water level:a case study of Dongtan coal mine

煤矿区生态补偿是实现煤炭开采外部不经济性内部化的有效手段。制定科学的、合理的生态补偿标准是实施生态补偿机制的关键。本文通过分析高潜水位矿区煤炭开采对生态环境的影响,针对煤炭开采造成的生态破坏损失和环境污染损失,综合运用恢复成本法和价值损失法,从目标层、约束层、准则层和指标层四个层次构建高潜水位矿区煤炭开采生态补偿标准评估框架,补偿标准为各项指标层的价值量之和。在此基础上,以山东省东滩煤矿为例,结合东滩煤矿特点筛选关键评估指标,计算2014年东滩煤矿生态补偿标准为16 497.02万元,占该年煤炭销售收入的2.75%。该方法为征收高潜水位煤矿区生态补偿费用提供参考。

The ecological compensation in coal mining area is an effective means to realize the internalization of external diseconomy of coal mining.Making scientific and reasonable eco-compensation standard is the key to implement eco-compensation mechanism.By analyzing the impact of coal mining on the ecological environment in mining area with high ground-water level,in view of the loss of ecological destruction and environmental pollution,this paper constructs the evaluation framework of the eco-compensation standard in coal mining area with high ground-water level from the four levels of target layer,constraint layer,criterion layer and index layer by using the restoration cost method and the value loss method.The eco-compensation standard is the sum of the value of each index layer.On this basis,taking Dongtan coal mine in Shandong province as an example,the key evaluation indexes are selected according to the characteristics of Dongtan coal mine,and the eco-compensation standard in 2014 is 16 497.02×10~4 yuan,accounting for 2.75%of the coal sales.This method provides a reference for the eco-compensation cost of coal mining area with high ground-water level.