元朝广西撞兵屯田体系的形成与分布

The Formation and Distribution of Station Farming System in Guangxi of Yuan Dynasty

元朝广西的兵防主要由湖广行省派遣的镇戍军与广西本土的屯兵组成。《元史》只记载了广西上思州、藤州两处屯田,是非常不完整的。本文通过考察元朝广西屯田体系的建立历史及其实际运作,揭示了元朝广西屯田并非只有孤立的两处,而是一个完整、地理分布广阔的兵防体系。广西屯田的开展是从世祖末、成宗初上思州黄圣许之乱开始,到顺帝初年平定"徭乱"为止,是以宾州为中心、静江为分府,并散布于上思州、柳州、藤州、庆远等地,遍布广西地区的撞兵屯田体系。

The defense of Guangxi during Yuan Dynasty was mainly relied on garrison sent by Huguang Province and the local station farming soldierS.In Yuan shi,there are only two station farming in Guangxi,which is not complete.This paper surveys the establishment of station farming system of Guangxi in Yuan,and points out that station farming in Guangxi is a complete,wide distribution military defense system.It was begun in 1290 s,and finished in 1330 S.This station farming system had a center in Binzhou,and a sub-center in Jingjiang,and widely distributed in Shangsizhou,Liuzhou,Tengzhou and Qingyuan.