以反腐败助推高质量发展的路径——基于腐败成因的视角

Research on the Path of Anti-corruption Promoting High Quality Development——Based on the Cause of Corruption

经济实现高质量发展的表现形式多种多样,但根源在于经济增长动力机制的转变。相关描述统计显示,随着经济体所处经济增长动力阶段的提升,其腐败水平呈明显下降态势,从而要想实现经济增长动力的转型和高质量发展,进一步反腐败是我国的必要策略。通过对116个经济体在1996—2016年间的相关数据建立双向固定效应面板模型,实证考察了不同增长驱动阶段经济体的腐败成因。全样本研究结果显示,收入不平等不一定直接加剧腐败,但的确会降低收入提升的降腐败效应;制度层面公民对社会规则的认可和服从、政府简政放权以及深化市场经济改革都有助于降低腐败发生率;自然资源租金的富裕和城市化的进展并不必然伴随腐败恶化,实际上由二者带来的经济增长更可能提升经济体的清廉水平。分样本研究显示,不同增长驱动阶段经济体的腐败成因表现出明显的异质性,效率驱动阶段的经济体应该重视收入分配不公对腐败的不利影响,而创新驱动阶段的经济体更多地依赖政治体系中的性别平等、教育以及相应的技术创新来实现反腐败。

The manifestations of high-quality economic development are various,but the root lies in the change of the dynamic mechanism of economic growth. Relevant descriptive statistics show that the level of corruption has declined significantly with the improvement of the economic growth dynamic stage. Therefore,further anti-corruption is a necessary strategy for China to realize the transformation of economic growth dynamic and high-quality development. Through the establishment of a panel model based on the relevant data of 116 economies between 1996 and 2016,the author empirically examines the causes of corruption in economies at different growth-driven stages. The results of the full sample show that income inequality does not necessarily directly aggravate corruption,but it does reduce the effect of income promotion on reducing corruption;the recognition and obedience of citizens to social rules,simplified government and decentralization,and deepening market economy at the institutional level all contribute to reducing the incidence of corruption;and the affluence of natural resources and the progress of urbanization will not necessarily be accompanied by corruption. In fact,because they bring about economic growth,they may improve a country’s level of integrity in the long run especially for economies in the lower economic growth-driven stage. The sub-sample study shows that the causes of corruption in different growth-driven economies show obvious heterogeneity. Economies in efficiency-driven stage should pay more attention to the negative impact of unfair income distribution on corruption. Economies in innovation-driven stage rely more on gender equality,education and technological innovation in the political system.