360名深圳市退休老年人的抑郁状况及其影响因素分析

Depression status and its influencing factor analysis among 360 retired elderly in Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市退休老年人抑郁的发生状况,探讨影响因素。方法老年抑郁量表中文版(The Geriatric Depression Scale,GDS)用于评估360名60岁以上退休老年人的抑郁情况。影响因素的相关信息通过问卷调查获得。结果老年抑郁量表调查结果显示,36名(10%)退休老年人有抑郁症状。Logistic回归分析显示,老年(OR=1.54,95%CI:0.93~2.57,年龄5岁增加),无社交活动(OR=3.36,95%CI:1.48~7.63),缺乏运动(OR=2.53,95%CI:1.05~6.07),无兴趣爱好(OR=2.98,95%CI:1.32~6.72)和独居(OR=5.12,95%CI:1.15~22.82)是抑郁症状的危险因素。结论为了预防抑郁,健康管理者应重点关注独居老人;鼓励退休老年人参与社交活动、进行规律的运动和培养老有所乐的兴趣爱好可以预防老年抑郁,提高退休老年人的健康水平。

Objective To investigate the depression status and related influencing factors among retired elderly in Shenzhen city. Methods The Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS)was adopted to evaluate the depression status of 360 retired elderly aged over 60.The related information on influencing factors was collected by questionnaires. Results The GDS results showed thirty-six(10%) retired elderly had depressive symptoms. Logistic regression analysis showed that the old age(OR =1.54,95% CI:0.93 ~2.57,increasing by 5 years old),lack of social activity( OR =3.36,95% CI:1.48 ~7.63),lack of regular sports(OR =2.53,95% CI:1.05 ~6.07),lack of hobbies(OR =2.98,95% CI:1.32 ~6.72) and living alone(OR =5.12,95% CI:1.15 ~22.82) were the risk factors of depression among retired elderly.Conclusion In order to prevent depression,health care managers should pay more attention to the elderly living along.Participation of social activities,regular sports and enjoyable hobbies would be encouraged to prevent depression among the elderly,so as to increase the health level of the retired elderly.