自然资源损害评估在美国:法律、程序以及评估思路

Natural Resource Damage Assessment: Experience in the United States

自然资源损害的价值评估难度大,评估结果不确定性高、难以实际应用使得相应的环境污染损害赔偿工作难以顺利开展。文章对于美国自然资源损害评估相关的法律法规和技术导则进行了梳理,比较了两个主要的自然资源损害评估规章——油污法案下的导则以及超级基金法案下的导则的异同,并介绍了目前美国所采用的最主要的自然资源损害评估方法——替代等值分析法的原理和思路,为推动中国的自然资源损害评估工作提供一定的基础和依据。

Value assessment of natural resource damage is complex and the relative compensation work is difficult to conduct because value assessment may have highly uncertainty results and the character of impractical application. This paper analyzes NRDA related laws,regulations and guidance in the United States,compares the similarities and differences between natural resource damage assessment( NRDA) under OPA and CERCLA,introduces the principle and thoughts of the main assessment method: alternative equivalency analysis approaches( AEAA),and offers the basis to China's natural resource damage assessment work.