“页岩气革命”背后的潜在环境灾害风险及防范措施

Potential Risks of Environmental Disaster in ‘Shale Gas Revolution'and Its Preventive Measures

中国页岩气储量丰富,开采潜力巨大。但目前中国页岩气开发尚处于理论研究阶段和商业开采起步阶段。根据国外页岩气开发的工程经验和我国基本国情,"页岩气革命"可能诱发严重的环境灾害,如水资源大量消耗和污染、大气污染和温室气体排放、诱发潜在地质灾害、地表侵蚀危害附近人类健康和局部生态系统等。本文针对上述潜在环境问题,分别从科学选址、开采技术、工程监管、监测预警等角度提出了具体的防范措施和工程指导原则,对实现我国页岩气开采的可持续发展提供科学参考。

It can be noted that the shale gas reserves are so abundant in China that the exploitation potential is very good. However,the development of Chinese shale gas is still in the theoretical research phases and the initial stage of commercial exploitation. According to the engineering experience of foreign shale gas development and China's basic national conditions,the ‘shale gas revolution'may cause serious environmental disasters such as heavy pollution and consumption of water resource,air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions,geological disasters and surface erosion endangering human health and local ecosystems. Aiming at these potential environmental problems,this paper has proposed the specific preventive measures and engineering guidelines from the aspects of scientific site,mining technology,engineering supervision and management as well as monitoring and early warning. It will provide scientific reference for our sustainable development of shale gas exploration.