冻灾的发生、政策支持及农户适应性措施的采用

Frost,Policy Support and Farmers' Adoption of Adaptation Measures

本文的研究目标是分析我国冻灾的发生状况、地方政府应对冻灾的政策支持及农户的适应性反应,为国家制定相关的政策提供实证依据。基于我们2005-2010年在全国6省的大规模实地调查发现,调查样本中有27%的农户遭受冻灾并导致减产;在发生冻灾的农户中,有19.5%的村获得了抗冻预警和防治信息,仅有3.4%的村获得了资金、物质和技术等的抗冻政策支持;在受灾农户中,有63.4%的农户对冻灾风险做出了适应性反应,主要是采取了非工程类适应性措施,包括调整作物的生产投入、改变播种或收获日期、购买农业保险等;相对于非工程措施,农户采取的工程类措施比例较低。根究研究结果,本文提出了一些针对性的政策建议。

The overall goal of this paper is to provide the empirical evidence for policy makers through analyzing the occurrence of frost,the local government's policy support and farmers' adoption of adaptation measures. Based on a large-scale field survey data in6 provinces in China in 2006-2010,the results show that 27% of farmers suffered frost in the past 5 years,which influenced their agricultural production. Among those villages affected by frost,19. 5% of them got the early warning and prevention information before or after the frost,and only 3. 4% of them got the technical,financial and physical supports. Among those farmers 63. 4% of them adopted adaptation measures against frost,particularly for non-engineering measures,such as adjusting the inputs of agricultural production,changing the date of sowing or harvesting,and purchasing agricultural insurance. The paper concludes with several policy implications.