基于环境修正的中国畜牧业全要素生产率分析

Environmentally-adjusted Analysis of Total Factor Productivity of China's Animal Husbandry

运用广义马姆奎斯特指数与随机前沿生产函数结合的方法,将畜禽粪污排放作为一种无法避免的投入纳入考虑,对1997~2011年中国畜牧业环境全要素生产率及其分解进行了全面分析。研究表明:1中国畜牧业增长是依靠要素投入增加来扩张的外延式增长,要素之间的整合协调并不充分;2环境全要素生产率低于传统全要素生产率,随着畜牧业污染情况的加重两者间差距在逐渐扩大;3中国畜牧业总体处在规模报酬递增阶段,产值增长由技术进步支撑,但生产效率呈现出逐年下降的趋势;4受到资源和空间、生态环境以及政府规划等多种因素影响,中国六大区域的畜牧业环境全要素生产率差异较大,其中东北地区的畜牧业发展最为协调,而西北地区最为落后。

Treating dung pollutant as an inevitable production input,in this paper we combine Generalized Malmquist index and Stochastic Frontier Model to measure TPF growth and itschanges of chinese animal husbandry over the period from 1997 to 2011. The results show 4 aspects as following. Firstly,the growth of animal husbandry maily attributes to inputs increasing,rather than enhancing comprehensive production capacity. Secondly,environmental TPF growth is less than tranditional TPF growth,and the gap gains as time gose by. Thirdly,animal husbandry is still in stage of increasing return of scale,and output growth is primarily supported by the science and technology progress,but the technical efficiency decline year by year. Last but not least,the Environmental Total Factor Productivity varies from region to region,caused by different reasons. Among them,northeast region have the best efficience and meanwhile,northwest region ranks the last place.