水土流失监测方法研究进展

Research Progress of Monitoring of Soil and Water Loss

水土流失监测作为定量评价研究区水土流失状况的有效手段,国内外常规水蚀监测方法主要包括侵蚀针法、水文法、调查法和径流小区法等,近些年现代地形测量、核素示踪、沉积泥沙反演和现代原位监测等方法也逐渐被广泛使用;风蚀监测方法包括集沙盘法、降尘缸法、风蚀盘法、风蚀圈法、粒度对比分析法、示踪法、遥感监测法及风蚀深度监测等。本文在论述国内外现有监测技术的基础上,探讨生产建设项目水土流失监测的方法体系,为我国生产建设项目水土流失监测提供参考。

The monitoring of soil erosion as an effective method can quantitatively evaluate the characteristics of erosion of research regions. The common monitoring methods of water erosion include the pin of erosion,the method of hydrology,investigation and run off plot observation. With improving of knowledge and technical level,methods of modern topographic survey,radionuclide tracing,deposited sediment conversion and contemporary in-site observation were gradually widely used. Wind erosion loss monitoring methods may apply wind erosion pan,traps,wind erosion collector,wind erosion cycle,tracers,remote sensing and erosion pin for instance. Based on discussion of existing monitoring technology at home and abroad,this paper explored the methods system of monitoring soil and water loss to provide a reference for soil erosion monitoring of domestic projects of production and construction.