东北黑土区漫岗台地高标准农田质量建设标准研究

Quality Construction Standards of High-Standard Farmland in the Hilly Terrace of Black Soil Regions of Northeast China

为提升耕地质量、增强耕地生态环境安全,目前我国正大规模推进旱涝保收高标准农田建设。规范的建设标准是保证高标准农田发展的基本条件,是保证高标准农田质量和提高建设成效的关键。国家已出台大区域高标准农田建设基本标准,但基于高标准农田质量评价结果形成建设标准的研究报道很少。东北黑土区是我国粮食主产区,本文以东北漫岗台地类型区——依兰县为例,针对高标准农田质量建设的实质与内涵,结合研究区实际情况,选择适宜该区域高标准农田质量建设的评价指标9个,运用层次分析法与熵权系数法确定指标综合权重,对高标准农田质量进行评价。评价结果表明,评价单元属于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ级的耕地分别占12%、58%、18%、10%和2%。通过对依兰县高标准农田质量建设的主要限制因素的分析,提出依兰县高标准农田质量建设标准,以期为今后黑土区漫岗台地高标准农田质量建设提供可行的参考依据。

At present,the large-scale construction of high-standard farmland in China has been proceed in order to improve the quality of cultivated land and enhance the eco-environmental security. The normative construction standard is not only the basic condition to ensure the development of high-standard farmland,but also the key to ensure the quality of high-standard farmland and the effect of construction. The state has already issued the basic standards for the large-area high-standard farmland construction,but there were few reports about the study of construction standard based on the quality evaluation results of high-standard farmland. The black soil region of Northeast China is one of the major grain-production areas in China,in which the hilly terrace is a major landform. In this study,a typical hilly terrace county in this region( Yilan County) was selected as the study area to evaluate its quality of high-standard farmland. The evaluation index system of the high-standard farmland including 9 indices was built by combining essence and connotation of the high-standard farmland construction associated with the actual situation of this study area. Meanwhile,the evaluation index weight was determined by the analytic hierarchy process( AHP) and the entropy coefficient method. The results showed that the area percentage of the evaluation units of high-standard farmland quality in class Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ accounted for 12 %,58 %,18 %,10 %and 2 %,respectively. This paper proposed the quality construction standard of high-standard farmland based on the analysis of the limiting factors of the quality construction of high- standard farmland in Yilan County,which would provide a reference for the highstandard farmland construction in hilly terrace of black soil region in future.