京津冀地区土地利用变化特征及其驱动力分析

Research on Land Use Change Characteristics and Driving Forces in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei Region

土地利用/覆被变化(Land use/cover change,LUCC)的驱动机制驱动机制对于理解其变化特征及制定相关政策有重要意义。为解京津冀地区城市土地利用变化态势与内在驱动机理,本文在京津冀地区14年间土地利用的类型变化、数量变化、程度变化及区域变化特征的基础上,对形成这种土地利用变化的驱动力从社会经济方面进行了剖析,并在统计软件SPSS的支持下对土地利用变化驱动力指数进行了计算。结果表明:12000-2013年间,土地利用变化发生了较大改变:耕地,牧草地和未利用地面积明显减少,园地、林地、其他农用地和建设用地面积则持续增加。耕地、牧草地、未利用地的年度变化率分别为-0.45%、-3.11%、-1.30%,园地、林地、其他农用地以及建设用地面积的年度变化率分别为3.60%、1.38%、5.31%、0.59%;2研究时段内,京津冀地区的土地利用程度ΔL_(b-a)为6.29,京津冀地区的土地利用处于发展时期;3土地利用变化的社会驱动力主要是人口增长、经济发展、城市化水平提高,并且这些因素的驱动力指数是逐年增加的,政策的影响作用也不容忽视。

Based on the quantity,degree and regional change of land use in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei region during the past fourteen years,this paper,analyzed the driving forces of land use change from the perspective of socioeconomic development,and calculated the index of driving force using the statistic software SPSS. The result show and that: 1 Land use change varied greatly: cultivated land,grass land and unused land reduced greatly,while garden land,forest land,other agricultural land and construction land grew continuously. The yearly change rates of cultivated land,grass land and unused land were- 0. 45%,- 3. 11% and- 1. 30%,while the yearly change rates of garden land,forest land,other agricultural land and construction land were 3. 60%,1. 38%,5. 31% and 0.59%. 2Land use in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei Region,in which the land utilization degree ΔLb- awas 6. 29,belongs to stage of development. 3Driving force of land use change,has increased over years. Besides,policy factor also played an important role in land use change.