中国磷矿资源开发利用形势分析及可持续发展对策研究

Research on Exploitation and Utilization and Sustainable Development of Phosphate Resources in China

磷矿有重要的农业、军工及化工用途,具有重要的战略意义。作为主要的磷矿生产国和消耗国,我国磷矿资源面临全球磷矿资源日益稀缺、国内矿石产量不断增长等形势。为促进我国磷矿资源的科学合理开发利用,本文在梳理磷矿资源国内外开发利用形势的基础上,指出了我国磷矿开发利用面临着资源禀赋差,开采难度大,开采技术水平参差不齐,开发利用方式粗放,伴生矿利用水平低等问题。同时,从加强磷矿地质勘查、加强关键技术攻关、分类开发利用资源、发展深加工业、控制出口贸易、坚持开发与保护并举等方面提出了我国磷矿可持续发展的建议。

With the important agricultural,military and chemical use,phosphate resource also has an vital strategic significance. As the principal producer and consumer of phosphate resource,China is in the situation of the increasingly scarce global phosphate resources and the growing domestic production. To promote the exploitation and utilization of phosphate resources in China,this paper analyzes the situation at home and abroad,and then points out the problems which include the insufficiency of natural endowment,exploitation with difficult,different levels of exploitation technologies,low-quality utilization and the little use of associated ore. Besides,it makes suggestions from four aspects,including conducting research on key technologies,sorting the exploitation and utilization of phosphorite resourses into steps,developing the deep processing industry and restraining exports.