山东省农村院落功能及其演变研究

Research on the Function and Evolution of Rural Courtyard in Shandong Province

以山东省为研究区,采用实地调查和系统分析等方法,研究农村院落功能及其演变。研究表明,农村院落具有生活、生产和生态功能。区位优越、城郊农村院落的资产功能日益突出,普通农村院落仍兼具生活、农业生产功能,偏远农村院落闲置废弃较多。社会制度变化、社会经济发展与乡村文化等是农村院落功能演变的主要动力机制。基于农村院落功能演变,提出生活院落住户可搬入社区、院落转为公共用地或复垦为耕地,生产生活院落保留,闲置废弃院落回收、整治等的优化利用建议。研究结果对合理利用农村院落和科学推进新农村建设有重要现实意义,对丰富和发展乡村地理学有重要理论意义。

The paper is mainly focused to study the functions and development of courtyards in rural areas based on field research in Shandong Province through ways like systematic analysis. Research shows that rural courtyard has living,productive and ecological functions. Living function includes life function,cultural function,security function and symbolic function. Productive function includes storage- drying function,breeding- processing function,business management function,rural tourism function,and assets function. Ecological function mainly refers to beautify the environment and regulate microclimate. The asset feature of suburban rural courtyard with excellent location becomes increasingly prominent. Ordinary rural courtyard remains life and agricultural production function,while more and more remote rural courtyards had been abandoned. Changes in social system,socioeconomic development and rural culture are the main driving mechanism of rural courtyard functions change. We make some suggestions based on the change of rural courtyard functions. Residents who live in life courtyard can move into the community and the courtyard can turn into public land or reclaim into arable land. Production and life courtyard should be reserved. Idle courtyard and abandoned courtyard should be recycled or remediated. The result has important practical significance to rational use of rural courtyard and science promotion of new rural construction,and also has important theoretical significance to enrich and develop rural geography.