基于生态足迹和生态承载力的湖北省利川市可持续发展研究

Research on sustainable development of Lichuan City in Hubei Province based on ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity

本文以湖北省利川市2010~2014年统计年鉴为基础,利用生态足迹研究方法,对利川市的可持续发展状态进行分析。研究结果表明:利川市2010~2014年平均人均生态足迹为1.805hm2,平均人均生态承载力为0.303hm2,平均人均生态赤字为1.502hm2。其中,耕地和草地的人均生态足迹所占的比重最大,另外,耕地和林地的人均生态承载力在2010~2014年之间总体呈现出下降趋势而草地和水域人均生态承载力变化不大。人均生态盈余呈现递减趋势,由2010年的-1.338hm2/人下降到2014年的-2.421hm2/人。其中,6个消费项目中人均生态盈余最高的是草地。这些数据在一定程度上表明:利川市的经济发展是建立在对资源过度开发的基础上。此外,本文还提出通过创建生态市来改善利川生态环境,减缓区域生态压力提升区域的可持续发展能力的政策建议。

This paper is based on the data of statistical yearbook in 2010-2014 of Lichuan City,Hubei Province.The sustainable development status of Lichuan City was analyzed by the method of ecological footprint.And the necessity of ecological footprint analysis in the ecological city planning of county level is analyzed.The results showed that: Lichuan's 2010-2014 annual average per capita ecological footprint was 1.805hm^2,the average per capita ecological carrying capacity was 0.303hm^2,the average per capita ecological deficit was1.502hm^2. Among them,the per capita arable land and ecological footprint of the ecological footprint were the largest.The per capita ecological carrying capacity of cultivated land and woodland in the years 2010-2014 was volatile,but in a the overall downward trend.The ecological carrying capacity of grassland and water area changed little.Per capita ecological surplus showed a decreasing trend in 2010 for the-1.338 2hm^2/people,and in 2014 for the-2.420 9hm^2/people.The ecological surplus of grassland was the largest. These data indicated that the economic development of Lichuan City was based on the over exploitation of resources.Calculating the ecological footprint of the region can judge the sustainable development status of the region,and provide reference for the construction of ecological city.