土地征收前后农民福利变化测度与可行能力培养——基于天津市4区调查数据的实证研究

Evaluation of farmers' well-being after land expropriation and capability cultivation

本文基于阿玛蒂亚·森的可行能力理论,以天津市武清区等4个区385份被征地农民调查样本为例,采用模糊数学方法分别对征地前后农民福利状况进行了对比测度,结果显示天津市被征地农民总体福利水平提高,其中防护性保障、住房、社区生活评价值比征地前增加;经济收入上升,但同时支出增加,使得经济状况评价值下降;农民心理感受评价值降低。主要政策建议:政府应努力提高被征地农民的人力资本,增强社会竞争能力,实现可持续生计;社会保障制度关键在于落实,让被征地农民真正受益;政府可通过合理的产业规划增加就业岗位,同时鼓励和扶持被征地农民自主创业,逐步适应城市竞争。

Based on Amartye Sen's capability approach,we used fuzzy mathematical method to estimate the welfare level before and after land expropriation respectively,by means of a survey based on a representative sample of 385 farmers whose rural land was expropriated in urban fringe area of Tianjin city.The conclusions showed that the landless farmers' welfare indexes were enhanced as a whole.And peasant households' social insurance,housing conditions and community life were improved.On the contrary,the economic conditions became worse because of the added expenditure,though the income increasing. And landless farmers' psychological conditions worsen.We suggest that the government should pay more attention to education to improve the farmers' human capital. Strengthening their social competitiveness contributes to the sustainable livelihood.Landless farmers can benefit from fully implementing the social insurance policy.And reasonable industry planning can provide the off-farm opportunities of employment.Self employed farmers should be encouraged and given support to adapt the social competition.