京津冀传统产业绿色转型升级的瓶颈与政策建议

Suggestions for the green transformation and upgrading of traditional industry in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

综合考虑传统工业行业在京津冀区域的经济贡献率、污染物排放贡献率和能源消耗贡献率等因素,本文选择钢铁、水泥、平板玻璃、造纸、原药制造、炼油等6个行业,梳理了京津冀区域传统产业发展现状和制约传统产业绿色转型升级的瓶颈。结果发现:(1)2013年上述6个行业产值累计占区域总产值的比例达到22.31%,累计煤炭消耗量占区域总消耗量的比例达到20.5%,累计SO_2排放量占区域总SO_2排放量的比例达到32.26%,是支撑区域发展和造成区域高污染高资源消耗的重要部分,绿色转型升级的压力和需求迫切;(2)京津冀传统产业绿色转型升级面临一系列的技术、政策、市场和资金瓶颈,包括节能减排技术成本高、技术不成熟,区域节能环保政策标准在覆盖面、严格性程度不一致,区域没有建立起顺畅的"技术需求——技术研发——项目"合作机制,区域绿色金融产品及服务形式单一等。最后,以打破制约区域传统产业转型升级为着力点,围绕如何推进已成熟的节能减排优势技术广泛开展合作、建立良好的技术研发转化机制、推动绿色金融发展、统一环境政策标准等方面,提出了利用北京、天津等地区的节能环保技术优势推进京津冀传统产业升级的建议和实施路径。

Based on the considering of the economic contribution rate,the pollutant emission contribution rate and the energy consumption contribution rate of traditional industries in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,we chose steel,cement,flat glass,paper,medicine and refining,analyzed their development status,studied the green transformation and upgrading troubles in energy conservation and emission reduction technology.The results showed that:(1)The economic contribution,the energy consumption contribution,SO_2 emission contribution of the six typical industries' total output value in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was 22.31 percent,20.5 percent,32.26 percent respectively.(2) A series of technical,policy,market and funding troubles of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei traditional industrial green transformation and upgrading contained.high costs and undeveloped technology,not uniform environmental policies and standards in terms of coverage and severity,not having a smooth "technical requirement-the development of technology-cooperation" mechanism,single regional green financial products and services.Finally,in order to solve these troubles,suggestions and implementation paths,containing making extensive cooperation in advancing the proven environmental technology,establishing a good mechanism of technology transformation,promoting the development of green finance and unified environmental policies and standards,are proposed.