根层调控对设施番茄生长及氮素利用的影响

Effects of Integrated Rootzone Management on Greenhouse Tomato Growth and Nitrogen Utilization

以寿光设施番茄生产体系为对象,研究了根层水肥调控处理(W2FS)和增加促根管理的根层综合调控处理(W2FR)对番茄产量、根系生长、氮素利用和土壤无机氮含量的影响。结果表明:根层水肥调控(W2FS)和根层综合调控处理(W2FR)与农民传统施肥方式相比明显节水节肥,灌溉量减少29%,养分投入量N-P2O5-K2O分别降低59%、23%、42%和79%、78%、48%;根层综合调控处理(W2FR)有助于促进番茄苗期根系生长,分别比传统施肥(W1FC)、对照(W2F0)和根层水肥调控技术(W2FS)的总根长提高57%、42%、46%,根表面积增加62%、34%、36%,根体积增加70%、29%、29%;根层综合调控处理(W2FR)提高了氮磷钾的养分偏生产力(PFP),比传统施肥方式分别提高了4.0、3.7、1.0倍,提高了肥料利用效率,降低了氮素淋洗风险。

The effects of two treatments,including rootzone water and fertilizer management(W2FS)and integrated rootzone management(W2FR)on tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)yield,root growth,N utilization and soil Nmin residue were conducted in greenhouse tomato system in Shouguang.The results showed that significant reduction in the amount of water and fertilizer input were found in the W2FS and W2FR treatments compared to conventional treatment,indicating the reduction of irrigation amount by 29% and the reduction of fertilizer amount(N-P2O5-K2O)by 59%,23%,42% and 79%,78%,48%,respectively.Integrated rootzone management(W2FR)significantly improved root growth and development. Compared to W1FC,W2F0,W2FS treatments,the total root length in W2FR treatment increased by 57%,42% and 46%,root surface in W2FR treatment increased by 62%,34% and 36%,and root volume in W2FR treatment increased by 70%,29% and 29%,respectively.The partial productivity of fertilizer(N-P2O5-K2O)increased by 4.0,3.7 and 1.0 folders with integrated rootone management(W2FR),in comparison to conventional management.Intergated rootzone management technology can improve the use efficiency of fertilizer and decrease the risk of nitrogen leaching.