外源多胺对薄皮甜瓜花芽分化及花发育的影响

Effects of Exogenous Polyamine Application on Flower Bud Differentiation and Flower Development in Muskmelon

为了明确外源多胺对薄皮甜瓜花芽分化和花发育的影响,以薄皮甜瓜永甜3号为试材,子叶刚出土时外源喷施腐胺(Put)和亚精胺(Spd),采用石蜡切片法观察花芽分化和花发育情况,测定花芽和叶片中内源激素及多胺含量。结果表明:外源喷施Put和Spd均提高了甜瓜子蔓第1节位结实花率,促进了花芽分化,使结实花花期提前;喷施高浓度Put和低浓度Spd后,叶片中IAA含量升高、ZT含量降低、ABA含量提前达到峰值;花芽中Spd含量较早达到峰值,精胺(Spm)含量较低,变化不规律。花芽中3种内源多胺的含量远高于叶片中。外源喷施1×10-3mol·L-1的Put和1×10-4mol·L-1的Spd效果最好。

In order to investigate the influence of exogenous polyamine application on the flower bud differentiation and flower development muskmelon(Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa Makino),‘Yongtian No. 3’was used in this experiment.The flower bud differentiation and flower development were investigated with spraying different concentrations of putrescine(Put)and spermidine(Spd)after the cotyledon just came out of the soil.The process of flower bud differentiation and the morphological observation were studied in muskmelon by means of paraffin-cut section.The contents of endogenous hormones and polyamine in flower bud and leaves were examined.The results showed that spraying Put and Spd increased the ratio of female flowers of the first node on the sub-vine,promoted the flower bud differentiation,and advanced the florescence.After spraying high concentration of Put and low concentration of Spd,IAA content increased in leaves,but ZT content decreased,and ABA content reached peak in advance.The Spd content in flower bud reached its peak earlier after spraying polyamine;while the level of spermine(Spm)was relatively low and changed irregularly.Three kinds of endogenous polyamine contents in flower buds were higher than that in the leaves.The appropriate concentration of Put and Spd is 1×10-3 mol·L-1 and 1×10-4 mol·L-1,respectively.