无机基质配比及沼渣施肥水平对无土栽培苗用型大白菜生长的影响

Effect of Inorganic Substrate Ratio and Fertilization Levels of Biogas Residue on Growth of Seedling-edible Chinese Cabbage in Soilless Cultivation

将预先调整氮、磷、钾含量后的沼渣作为肥料应用于珍珠岩与蛭石混合基质栽培苗用型大白菜,研究2种无机基质配比及3个沼渣施肥水平对苗用型大白菜生长、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:基质配比对苗用型大白菜生长有显著影响,沼渣施肥水平次之;在相同施肥水平下,珍珠岩与蛭石为1V:2V的基质处理的苗用型大白菜各形态指标、VC和可溶性糖含量、单株干鲜质量及产量均高于2V:1V的基质处理;在相同基质配比条件下,随着沼渣施肥量的增加,各处理苗用型大白菜的株高、最大真叶长、最大真叶宽、真叶数、单株干鲜质量、产量及硝酸盐含量逐渐增加,但36.6g单株施肥量处理与44.0g单株施肥量处理间除最大真叶宽、硝酸盐含量外无显著差异。综合结果表明:采用珍珠岩:蛭石为1V:2V的混合无机基质、单株沼渣施肥量36.6g的栽培效果较好,苗用型大白菜植株生长健壮,产量高,品质好。

Using biogas residue whose contents of N,P and K nutrient is pre-adjusted as fertilizer in compound substrate comprising perlite and vermiculite,this experiment studies the effects of 2 substrate ratios and 3 fertilization levels of biogas residue on the growth,yield and quality of seedlingedible Chinese cabbage〔Brassica campestris L.ssp.pekinensis(Lour)Olsson〕'Jingyankuaicai'.The results showed that the effect of substrate ratio had significant influence on its growth,the fertilizer level of biogas residue took the second place.In the same fertilization level of biogas residue,the morphological index,VC and soluble sugar contents,fresh and dry weight,and yield of A2(the substrate ratio of 1 perlite and 2 vermiculite)are better than A1(the substrate ratio of 2 perlite and 1 vermiculite)basically.In the same substrate ratio cultivation,the plant height,leaf length,leaf width,leaf number,fresh and dry weight,yield and nitrate content were improved with the increasing of biogas residue content,but the difference between 36.6 g per plant fertilization of biogas residue and 44.0 g is not significant,except leaf width and nitrate content.Collectively,these results indicated that'Jingyankuaicai'grew stronger with higher yield and better quality with the substrate ratio of 1 perlite and 2 vermiculite,and 36.6 g per plant fertilization of biogas residue.