茄子褐纹病病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究

Studies on Identification of Eggplant Phomopsis Rot Caused by Phomopsis vexans and Its Biological Characteristics

2010～2011年采用室内离体接种致病性测定、形态学鉴定方法对武汉市茄子褐纹病病原进行研究,并测定了其相关生物学特性。从武汉市各茄子种植区采集茄褐纹病病样,分离获得来自茄子病株叶、茎、果等器官的15个生长较一致的真菌分离物;经致病性试验证实,分离物均为茄子褐纹病病原菌;经形态学鉴定,15个菌株均为Phomopsis vexans。生物学特性研究结果表明:该病原菌最适生长的培养基为PDA和PSA,最适宜产孢培养基为燕麦培养基;菌丝生长的最适温度为25～30℃;最适pH值为4～7;光照有利于菌丝生长;能够利用多种碳源和氮源,碳源以麦芽糖利用效果最好,氮源以硝酸钠利用效果最好;菌丝生长的致死温度为55℃25min。

The morphological characteristics,pathogenicity and biological characteristics of the pathogens isolated from Eggplant phomopsis rot of Wuhan were studied.Large numbers of diseased eggplant samples were collected from different planting areas of Wuhan.Fifteen isolates of possible pathogenic fungi were isolated from leaves,stems and fruits of infected phomopsis rot plants.Based on the pathogenicity experiment,the results showed that the 15 isolates were the pathogens of Eggplant Phomopsis Rot disease.The morphological identification showed that 15 isolates were Phomopsis vexans.The results of studies on biological characteristics of pathogens showed that the optimum culture medium for mycelial growth were PDA and PSA,beneficial to spores culture medium were oats medium,the optimum temperature for mycelial growth were 25-30 ℃,and the optimum pH value were 4-7,and light promoted the growth of mycelial.The pathogen could make use of various carbon and nitrogen sources.Maltose was the best carbon source and sodium nitrate was the best nitrogen source.The lethal temperature for mycelial growth was 55 ℃ for 25 min.