苦瓜新品种如玉45号的选育

A New Bitter Gourd F1Hybrid— ‘Ruyu No. 45'

如玉45号是以BAL-22-31为母本,以山苦瓜-45为父本配制而成的中熟苦瓜一代杂种。生长势较强,第1雌花节位第17节左右,主侧蔓均可结瓜;商品瓜长6 cm左右,横径3 cm左右,单瓜质量40 g左右,老熟瓜可达200 g;果实两头较尖,橄榄形,瓜皮深绿色,纵棱尖瘤,肉质脆嫩,苦味较重,回味甘甜,总皂甙含量较高,适合煲汤和深加工;田间鉴定对枯萎病和白粉病的抗性较强,一般产量4 200 kg·(667 m2)-1左右,采收期可达6个月,适宜福州以南龙岩、漳州、泉州、厦门等地栽培。

The bitter gourd F1 hybrid‘Ruyu No. 45’is a medium maturing bred by crossing BAL-22-31 as female parent and Shankugua-45 as male parent.The plant grows vigorously.The first female flower sets on around the 17th node.Both of its main and side vines can bear fruit.The com-mercial product is about 6 cm in length,and 3 cm in diameter.The single fruit weight is about 40 g and the matured fruit is about 200 g.Its fruit shape is pointed in two ends with olive shape and melon rind is dark green in color with pointed longitudinal lump.Its succulent is crispy with bitter heavier.But the aftertaste is sweet.The content of total saponin is high.It is highly resistant to Fusarium wilt and pow-dery mildew.It can yield about 63.0 t·hm-2.Its harvesting time can last 6 months or so.It is suitable for cultivation in the south of Fuzhou,Longyan,Zhangzhou,Quanzhou and Xiamen.