套种番茄对大棚基质栽培大蒜生长和产量的影响

Effect of Tomato/Garlic Intercropping in Substrate under Plastic Tunnel on Garlic Growth and Yield

为了解大棚基质栽培的大蒜在单、套作条件下生长及产量的差异,设置番茄单作、番茄/大蒜套作、大蒜单作3个处理,测定大蒜生长量、产量及基质理化性质。结果表明:与番茄套作的大蒜形态指标显著低于单作大蒜;套作显著降低了大蒜的鳞茎质量和总产量,同时显著提高了独头率和独头蒜产量。番茄/大蒜套作土地当量比高达1.56,具有明显的套作优势。在及时摘除番茄老叶、精细管理的栽培措施下,套作大蒜独头率高达58.1%。大蒜单、套作基质的氮、磷、钾含量均较高,蔗糖酶和脲酶活性、细菌和放线菌数量也无显著差异,套作大蒜生长的限制条件是光照。

In order to understand the differences in garlic(Allium sativum L.) growth and yield in substrate plastic tunnel between under single and intercropping conditions,the paper set up 3 cultivation treatments of tomato monoculture,tomato/garlic intercropping and garlic monoculture to test garlic mass growth,yield,and substrate physicochemical properties.The results indicated that the morphological index of intercropped garlic bulb was significantly lower than that of garlic monoculture, but the ratio and yield of single-clove bulb was significantly increased.The land equivalent ratio of tomato/garlic intercropping was high as 1.56 with obvious advantages.The single-clove bulb ratio of intercropped garlic was 58.1%. Available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents were high both in monoculture and intercropping substrate.There were no significant differences observed in sucrase, urease activity,bacteria and actinomycetes number.The major limitation for intercropped garlic growth was light.