泛长三角地区设施番茄生产现状及经济效益分析

Survey on Production Status and Economic Analysis of Protected Tomato in the Pan Yangtze River Triangle Area

长三角区内及周边地区蔬菜安全生产和均衡供应对长三角地区的社会稳定和经济健康发展起着重要作用。笔者团队对泛长三角地区主要省市设施番茄种植现状进行了实地调研。结合番茄周年价格波动规律,通过对不同小气候、生产设施和茬口下的番茄种植收益比较分析,发现番茄收益受市场和季节气候的影响,以越冬茬番茄种植拥有最高且稳定的收益,早春茬及山地越夏茬次之,秋茬收益最低,可能由于长三角地区流通链较长,不同季节的贮运成本影响了种植户的收益。另外,机械化程度低,人工成本高,生产技术参差不齐,病虫害综合防治不到位等也是阻碍泛长三角地区番茄高效生产的重要原因。

Safe and balanced supply of vegetables is very important for social stable,healthy economical developmentin Yangtze river triangle area. The field investigation on protected cultivated tomato in different cities of the pan Yangtze river triangle was conducted. Comparison analysis of the prices of tomato throughout the years under different growing conditions,microclimate and seasons,we found the benefits of tomato production can be influenced by market and climate. The winter tomato could earn the most high and stable benefits. The following were the spring and summer tomato,and the lowest benefits was earned in autumn tomato. We speculated that the effect on benefit of tomato production was induced by the transportation costs in different seasons because of the long cold-chain in Yangtze river triangle area. In addition,the low level of mechanization,high labor costs, uneven production technology and integrated pest management inhibited the high efficiency and high benefits production of tomato in this area.