青海湖高寒湿地生态系统服务价值动态

Dynamic of Alpine Wetland Ecosystem Service Values in the Qinghai Lake Basin

以1987、2000、2010年3个时期的TM影像为主要数据源,基于对中国生态系统单位面积服务价值的生物量修订,研究了青海湖湿地生态系统服务价值的动态特征。结果表明:1987—2010年青海湖高寒湿地总生态系统服务价值增加到了232.34亿元,年均增加0.18亿元,其中,湖泊、高寒草甸、高寒沼泽和温性草原生态系统服务价值是其主要构成部分。人类活动行为和气候变化驱动着其生态服务价值动态。研究区生态服务功能以水文调节、废物处理、气候调节、维持生物多样性功能为主,此4种功能的价值占到了总价值的70%以上。近24年里除原材料生产功能外,其他各项生态系统服务功能均在不同程度地增加,生态服务价值波动最大的是水文调节、废物处理和气候调节功能。

Based on the main data source of Landsat TM remote sensing in 1987,2000 and 2010 years,This paper studied the dynamic characteristics of alpine wetland ecosystem service values in Qinghai Lake basin through revising the ecosystem service value per unit area in China by means of biomass method.Results showed that the alpine wetland ecosystem service values from1987 to 2010 years in Qinghai Lake basin increased to 232.34×108 Yuan RMB,with the annual mean rate of 0.18×108 Yuan RMB.Among them,the lakes,alpine meadow,alpine swamp and warm steppe ecosystem services value is the main part.Human activities and climate change drove its ecological service value dynamically.Ecological service function in the study area was mainly composed of hydrology regulation,waste management,climate regulation,and maintenance of biodiversity functions.Their service values accounted for more than 70% of the total value.Nearly 24 years,other ecosystem services' values were to some extent increased,except to the production function of the raw material.The most volatile in ecological service value were hydrology regulation,waste disposal and climate regulation functions.