科尔沁沙地中南部34种植物叶功能性状及其相互关系

Plant Functional Traits and Interrelationships of 34 Plant Species in South Central Horqin Sandy Land,China

以科尔沁沙地中南部34种主要植物为研究对象,分别测定叶片鲜重(FW)、干重(DW)、干物质含量(LDMC)、面积(LA)和比叶面积(SLA),比较不同生活型(一二年生草本、多年生草本、灌木)和功能型(C3、C4植物)的叶片性状的差异性,探讨沙地植物叶片性状相互之间的内在联系及其对环境的适应性。结果表明:一二年生草本的LDMC(0.23g·g-1)显著小于多年生草本(0.31g·g-1)和灌木(0.32g·g-1);而一二年生草本的SLA(22.14m2·kg-1)显著大于多年生草本(17.18m2·kg-1)和灌木(13.41m2·kg-1)。一二年生和多年生C4植物的LDMC显著大于C3植物;多年生C4植物SLA显著大于C3植物;C3植物的LDMC表现为一二年生草本<多年生<灌木。沙地植物的叶鲜重、叶干重和叶面积三者间极显著正相关,植物叶干重与SLA显著负相关;C4植物和多年生植物叶干重与SLA显著负相关。沙地不同生活型、功能型植物叶片的功能性状差异明显,沙地灌木和多年生植物能够较强的适应干旱环境,一二年生草本则具有较强的保持体内营养和获取土壤资源的能力。

There have been an increasing number of quantitative studies on relationships between plant functional traits and their differences among plant life forms and functional types over the past few decades.We measured 5 functional traits:fresh weight(FW),dry weight(DW),leaf dry matter content(LDMC),leaf area(LA)and specific leaf area(SLA)among 34 plant species in south central part of Horqin Sandy Land,China.We divided plant species into 3life forms(annual/biennial grass,perennial grass,shrub)and 2 photosynthetic pathways(C3plants and C4plants)then carried on further analyses about variable characteristics and correlation of functional traits,and their adaptability to the environment.The results showed that LDMCof annual/biennial grass(0.23 g·g-1)was significantly lower than that of perennial grass(0.31 g·g-1)and shrubs(0.32 g·g-1),while SLA of annual/biennial grass(22.14 m2·kg-1)was significantly higher than perennial grass(17.18 m2·kg-1)and shrubs(13.41 m2·kg-1).In annual/biennial and perennial grass groups,LDMCof C4 grass was significantly higher than C3 grass.SLAof C4 grass among perennials was higher than C3 grass significantly.LDMC of C3 plants was in order as annuals/biennials<perennials<shrubs.Leaf fresh weight,dry weight and leaf area of plant species were positively correlated with each other significantly,and leaf dry weight and SLA were negatively correlated;the dry weight and SLAof C4 plants and perennial grass were also negatively correlated.Functional traits of different plant life forms and plant functional types are significantly divergent in sandy land ecosystems.Sandy land shrubs and perennials had stronger ability to adapt to drought environment,while annuals/biennials had stronger ability to maintain nutrients in plant and acquire soil resources.