有机添加剂改善粘土塑性的研究

Organic Additives on the Plasticity of Clay

实验选用可塑性能较差的泥料为原料,比较了三种有机添加剂十二烷基磺酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠和柠檬酸三钠对其可塑性、干燥强度、泥浆粘度及烧后坯体吸水率、气孔率的影响。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征泥料的物相组成和微观形貌,并从粘土表面高韧性水化膜的形成探讨了有机添加剂的增塑机理。结果表明:三种有机添加剂都可以显著改善泥料的可塑性及干燥强度,降低泥浆粘度,对烧后坯体的吸水率和气孔率影响不显著。

The low plastic clay was used as raw materials to investigate the influences of the additives, such as SDS, Na-CMC and SC, on plasticity, dry strength, viscosity, water absorption and porosity. Phase structure was characterized by XRD and morphology was observed by SEM. Analyzed on formation of clay hydration film with high toughness gave a clear explain of its plasticizing mechanism. The results showed that all the three organic additives can produce similar effects to improve plasticity and dry strength of the clay, reduce the viscosity of slurry and have little change on water absorption and apparent porosity.