肠道微生态与生命早期健康

Intestinal microecology and early life health

肠道微生态是指肠道正常菌群与其宿主之间相互作用、相互影响的统一整体[1]。生命早期一般指自母体妊娠阶段开始算起至出生后2岁内(近1 000天),这段时间的生命生长发育对于整个生命周期至关重要。随着对肠道微生态研究的不断深入,发现生命早期健康肠道微生态的建立对婴儿各系统生长发育至关重要,因各种因素导致的肠道微生态改变或结构异常与生命早期婴儿发生免疫系统、消化系统、内分泌系统等相关疾病息息相关。本研究将综述生命早期肠道微生物来源、健康肠道微生态建立的相关因素及其生理作用,以及因不健全或紊乱的肠道微生态而引起的相关疾病。

Intestinal microecology is a unified whole of interactions between normal intestinal flora and its host.Early life generally refers to the period from the beginning of maternal pregnancy to two years of age after birth(nearly 1,000 days),which is crucial to a life for his/her/its growth and development in the entire life cycle.With the advance of research on intestinal microecology,it is found that the establishment of healthy intestinal microecology in early life is of great importance to the growth and development of infants.Intestinal microecological changes or structural abnormalities caused by various factors are closely related to the development of disorders of immune system,digestive system and endocrine system,and other related diseases in early life of infants.This paper reviewed the origin of intestinal microorganisms in early life,the related factors for the establishment of healthy intestinal microecology and physiological functions of intestinal flora,as well as the related diseases caused by unsound or disordered intestinal microecology.