1830例女性阴道炎患者阴道微生态调查

Analysis on vaginal microecology in 1,830 patients with vaginitis

目的调查分析本地区阴道炎患者的阴道微生态状况。方法回顾性分析我院2017年1月至2017年12月妇科门诊就诊的1 830例阴道炎患者阴道菌群分布,并探讨阴道菌群分布与年龄、季节以及复发性阴道炎之间的关系。结果 1 830例患者中菌群正常者547例(29.89%),细菌性阴道病(BV)319例(17.43%),阴道假丝酵母菌病(VVC)331例(18.09%),滴虫性阴道炎(TV)13例(0.71%),混合性阴道炎(MCVI)94例(5.14%)。共有90例(4.92%)患者在治疗后复发,混合感染者复发率最高(10.64%)。阴道菌群异常者的年龄主要集中于30～40岁(73.00%)和41～50岁(76.06%),混合性阴道炎、VVC和BV主要集中于30～40岁和41～50岁的患者。秋冬季患者菌群异常的检出率高于春夏季,春季BV检出率最高,秋季VVC和菌群抑制检出率最高。结论阴道炎患者阴道菌群分布既可表现为正常,也可表现为失调状态,其中混合性阴道炎最容易复发。不同年龄段,不同季节患者阴道菌群分布不同。

Objective To investigate the vaginal microecology in outpatients with complaint of vaginitis in local area.Methods A total of 1,830 outpatients from January 2017 to December 2017 were included.The specimens of vulvovaginal secretions were collected to detect the distribution of vaginal flora and explore the relations between the distribution of vaginal flora and age,season and recurrent vaginitis.Results The rate of normal vaginal microecology was 29.89%(547/1830).Bacterial vaginosis accounted for 17.43%(319/1830),vulvovaginal candidiasis accounted for 18.09%(331/1830),trichomonas vaginitis accounted for0.71%(13/1830),mixed vaginitis accounted for 5.14%(94/1830),and other abnormal microflora including changed or disappeared dominant bacteria accounted for 28.74%.90 patients had relapse after treatment,and the rate of relapse in patients with mixed infections was the highest.The 30-40 years group(73.00%)and 41-50 years group(76.06%)were the main age groups susceptible to vaginal microecology disorder,while 30-40 years group and 41-50 years group were the main age groups susceptible to mixed vaginitis,VVC and BV.The detection rate of abnormal flora was higher in autumn/winter than in spring/summer.The highest rates of BV and VVC were detected in spring and autumn.Conclusion The distribution of vaginal microflora in women with vaginitis can be either normal or abnormal,and varies in different age group and season.Mixed vaginitis is the most likely to recur.