肠道菌群失调致抑郁症发病机制的研究进展

Progress in research on the pathogenesis of gut microbiota alternation-induced depression

抑郁症是一种由多因素相互作用引起的复杂的精神疾病。其患病率达15%,带来的负担占全球疾病负担的12.3%,且有很高的致残、致死率,严重危及到人类的健康。抑郁症的病因并不清楚,一般认为是社会、环境、个体三方面因素相互作用的结果。肠道微生物作为人体最大、最直接的外环境,在抑郁症形成中的作用已明确,但具体机制仍不清楚。近年来,随着肠道微生态研究的兴起以及关于"抗抑郁药安全且有效"的说法被提出,肠道菌群失调在抑郁症的发生和发展中的作用越来越受到重视,"微生物-肠-脑轴"被提出,本文就肠道菌群失调致抑郁症可能的发病机制及微生态治疗作一综述。

Depression is a complex mental disorder caused by many factors.Its prevalence rate is 15%and it leads to 12.3%of the global burden of disease.It affects people′s health severely.However,the cause of depression remain unknown.Generally,it is considered to be associated with social,environmental,and individual factors.Gut microbiota,as the largest and most direct external environment of human body,play a crucial role in the onset and development of depression.However,the pathogenesis was still not clear.In recent years,with the rapid development of intestinal microecology and the viewpoint of'antidepressants are safe and effective'being suggested,the correlation between gut microbes and depression is getting more and more attention.Furthermore,the'microbe-gut-brain axis'is proposed.This review focuses on the possible microbial mechanisms and microbial treatment of depression.