婴幼儿呼吸道微生物群演替研究进展

Progress in study on respiratory tract microbial succession in infants

婴幼儿从出生开始正常呼吸道微生物就无时不刻地进行着演替,最终呼吸系统微生物形成动态平衡。婴幼儿时期是呼吸道微生物群演替的重要时期,也是免疫发育的关键时期,容易受外界因素的影响,这些影响因素包括分娩方式、喂养方式、抗生素、季节、疫苗接种等。研究表明婴幼儿时期的呼吸道微生物的组成和发育会影响微生物群的稳定性,从而影响呼吸道感染和过敏性疾病的发生。现对婴幼儿呼吸道微生物群演替及其影响因素,如分娩方式、喂养方式、抗生素使用、季节、疫苗接种等进行综述。

The succession of normal respiratory tract microbiota is continuously ongoing since the birth of infants,which results in a dynamic balance of respiratory microecology.The infancy is not only an important time period for the succession of respiratory microbiota,but also a critical period for the development of immune system.It is vulnerable to the mode of delivery,feeding type,antibiotic treatment,season and vaccination etc.Studies have shown that the composition and development of respiratory microbes in infancy will affect the stability of microbial community and thus affect the occurrence of respiratory tract infections and allergic diseases.This paper reviews the succession of respiratory microflora in infants and its influencing factors,such as mode of delivery,feeding type,antibiotic treatment,season,and vaccination etc.