儿童乙型流感病毒感染特点及防治的研究进展

Progress in research on characteristics and prevention of influenza B virus infection in children

乙型流感病毒是引起流行性感冒(简称流感)发生和流行的主要病原体之一,近年来流感高发的季节感染率呈上升趋势,儿童是乙型流感病毒感染的易感、高危群体。乙型流感病毒虽然抗原变异性较弱,但仍可引起暴发流行,严重威胁患儿的健康,因此对于儿童乙型流感病毒感染的防治至关重要。本文综合近年来国内外相关文献,从流行病学特征、临床表现、实验室检查、乙型流感病毒感染的药物治疗、免疫疗法等角度出发对乙型流感病毒感染特点及治疗进展予以综述,对乙型流感病毒进行长期有效的监测,了解儿童乙型流感病毒的感染特点,为儿童乙型流感的预防及临床诊断与防治提供理论参考。

Influenza B virus is one of the main pathogens causing the occurrence and epidemic of influenza diseases.In recent years,the seasonal infection rate of influenza is on the rise.Children are susceptible and high-risk groups for influenza B virus infection.Although the antigen variability of influenza B virus is weak,it can still cause an outbreak and epidemic,which seriously threatens the health and safety of children.Therefore,it is very important to the prevention and treatment of influenza B virus infection in children.By summarizing relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years and from the aspects of epidemiological characteristics,clinical manifestations,laboratory tests,drug treatment and immunization of influenza B virus infection,this paper reviewed the characteristics of influenza B infection and the progress of treatment,in purposes of continuously and effectively monitoring influenza B virus,further understanding the characteristics of influenza virus infection and providing theoretical reference for the prevention and clinical diagnosis of influenza B.