福建昙石山遗址出土骨质文物现场保护述略

A Brief Review of the On-site Conservation for Bone Relics Excavated atTanshishan Archaeological Site,Fujian

昙石山遗址是新中国成立后福建省内发现最早、也是最著名的一处史前文化遗存,目前该遗址尚保存有10余具新石器时代晚期的人类和动物骨骼遗骸,这在气候潮湿、土壤偏酸性的我国南方地区实属少见。为更加全面长久地保护这些骨质文物,在充分了解自身病害原因和骨质组成特点的基础上,通过对比试验研究,结果表明有机硅改性硅丙乳液作为加固剂材料、丙烯酸树脂+羟基磷酸钙作为修复材料以及有机硅氟作为封护材料基本适用于昙石山遗址出土骨质文物的现场保护,且保护效果相对较好。该研究结果可为进一步深入保护提供基础性科学依据。

Tanshishan site is the earliest and most famous prehistoric archaeological site that has been discovered in Fujian since the People' s Republic.The site preserves more than ten human and animal bone debris dated back to late neolithic era,which is rare in the south China where humid climate and partial acidic soil are common.In order to protect the bone relics for a long term,a full understanding ofbonedisease and component characteristics is achieved.Based on that,a comparative study indicates an ideal approach to the on-site conservation of the bones:organic silicon modified silicon- a crylic-acid solution as reinforcing agent material,acrylic resin + hydroxy calcium phosphate as repair material,and organic silicon fluoride as sealing material.The research results could serve as a scientific basis for further conservation.