2009-2018年延边地区食物中毒分析

Analysis of food poisoning in Yanbian area from 2009 to 2018

目的分析延边地区食物中毒发生的特点及规律,为相关部门有效预防和控制食物中毒事故发生提供科学依据。方法收集延边地区2009-2018年食物中毒年报资料、食物中毒个案调查报告、食物中毒调查总结及实验室检测报告等;分别对2009-2018年食物中毒年度分布、地区分布、场所分布及病因分布等进行数据统计分析。结果延边地区2009-2018年食物中毒事件共发生59起,中毒431人,死亡4人;其中以珲春市中毒发生构成比最高,为28.81%;中毒场所主要分布于饭店、家庭、食堂、送餐及其他,其中食堂发生食物中毒28起,中毒人数272人,占总发生数的47.46%,居第1位;食物中毒的致病因素主要包括细菌性、化学性、植物性及真菌霉菌性食物中毒,而构成比最高的为植物性食物中毒,共41起,占69.49%。结论通过结果发现由豆角、毒蘑菇等植物性中毒较多,发生场所主要集中在食堂,应加强对食物中毒高危行业和髙危食品的监督管理和监测。

Objective To provide scientific evidence for food poisoning prevention and control by analyzing the characteristics and pattern of food poisoning events in Yanbian area.Methods By collecting the data from food poisoning annual report,food poisoning case analysis report,food poisoning survey summary and laboratory test report in Yanbian area from 2009 to 2018,statistical analysis was carried out on the food poisoning annual distribution,regional distribution,site distribution,etiology distribution of food poisoning.Results 59 food poisoning events happened in Yanbian area from 2009 to 2018,431 people were poisoned and 4 dead.Hunchun City had the highest proportion of poisoning,which was 28.81%.Poisoning places were mainly in restaurants,families,canteens and booked meals.28 food poisoning occurred in canteens,with 272 people,accounting for 47.46%of the total occurrence with the first ranking.The pathogenic factors of food poisoning mainly include bacterial,chemical,botanical and fungal food poisoning.The highest was plant food poisoning,accounting for 69.49%.Conclusion There are more botanical poisoning caused by beans and toxic mushrooms,and the major places of food poisoning are canteens.It is important to strengthen the supervision and management of high-risk food poisoning industries and food.