黄羽肉鸡饲料效率与粪便微生物多样性及丰度的相关性研究

Correlation between Feed Efficiency and Microbial Diversity and Abundance of Yellow Meat-type Broilers

为探究黄羽肉鸡饲料效率与其粪便微生物多样性及丰度的相关性,试验选取270只1日龄快大型黄羽肉公鸡,单笼饲养至63日龄。以剩余采食量和饲料转化率为参考,分别选取高饲料效率组(HFE)和低饲料效率组(LFE)各29只,分别采集其新鲜粪便样品并对粪便微生物DNA的16S rDNA V4区进行Illumina Hiseq高通量测序。结果表明:厚壁菌门(HFE:74.05%,LFE:86.48%)、梭菌纲(HFE:29.43%,LFE:19.84%)、梭菌目(HFE:29.42%,LFE:19.82%)在高饲料效率组丰度均高于在低饲料效率组丰度(P>0.05);梭菌科(HFE:7.84%,LFE:1.81%)、SMB53(HFE:7.14%,LFE:1.41%)在高饲料效率组中丰度极显著高于低饲料效率组(P<0.01);高、低饲料效率组在6个分类学水平上,优势菌群种类一致,但丰度存在差异。厚壁菌门是影响饲料效率的优势菌门,梭菌科可能是影响饲料效率的主要菌科,SMB53可能是影响黄羽肉鸡饲料效率的重要菌属。

In order to explore the correlation between the feed efficiency of yellow-meat type broiler and its microbial diversity and abundance,270 fast yellow feather cocks raised to 63 days old in the single cage were selected in this experiment.With reference to the remaining feed intake and feed conversion ratio,29 chickens were selected into high feed efficiency group and low feed efficiency group for collecting fresh faeces samples,and the Illumina Hiseq high-throughput sequencing was performed on the 16S rDNA V4 region of fecal microbial DNA.The results showed that the abundance of Firmicutes(HFE:74.05%,LFE:86.48%),Clostridium(HFE:29.43%,LFE:19.84%),Clostridium order(HFE:29.42%,LFE:19.82%)were higher in high feed efficiency group than that in low feed efficiency group(P>0.05);the abundance of Clostridium family(HFE:7.84%,LFE:1.81%),SMB53(HFE:7.14%,LFE:1.41%)in high feed efficiency group were highly significantly difference higher than that in the low feed efficiency group(P<0.01).This study found that the high and low feed efficiency groups had the same dominant species at the six taxonomic levels,but the abundance was different.Firmicutes are the dominant phylun that affect feed efficiency.Clostridium family may be the main fungus affecting feed efficiency,and its genus SMB53 may be an important genus affecting the feed efficiency of yellow meat-type broilers.