中华蜜蜂为黑皮冬瓜授粉效果研究

Study on the Pollination of Apis cerana cerana to Benincasa hispida

通过对黑皮冬瓜进行蜜蜂授粉与人工授粉对比试验,结果表明:蜜蜂授粉可以代替人工授粉,蜜蜂授粉与人工授粉的坐瓜率均达到100%;蜜蜂授粉商品瓜率平均为86.00%,稍高于人工授粉商品瓜率(85.33%);蜜蜂授粉提高了黑皮冬瓜产量,单瓜重量提高8.95%;蜜蜂授粉提高了黑皮冬瓜商品性,果肉硬度提高13.85%,果肉厚度提高4.58%,且瓜形整齐、大小一致;蜜蜂授粉提高了黑皮冬瓜品质,果肉可滴定酸含量提高9.68%,果肉蛋白质含量提高7.58%,果肉维生素C含量提高5.02%;蜜蜂授粉还明显降低了黑皮冬瓜的授粉费用,蜜蜂授粉费用比人工授粉费用降低了64.28%。

Experiments were carried out to compare effect between Apis cerana cerana pollination and artificial pollination to Benincasa hispida. The results showed that, A. cerana cerana pollination could replace artificial pollination,The Sit melon rate of these two pollination methods both reached to 100%. The rate of commodity melon pollinated by A. cerana cerana was 86.00%, and that by artificial pollination was 85.33%;Bee pollination could increase production of B. hispida. The weight of B. ahispida pollinated by bee was increase by 8.95% per melon. Furthermore, bee pollination could also increase commodity quality. Compared with artificial pollination, melon hardness, melon thickness, melon titratable acid, melon protein content and melon Vitamin C of B. ahispida pollinated by A. cerana cerana increased by 13.85%, 4.58%, 9.68%, 7.58% and 5.02%, respectively. Meanwhile, A. cerana cerana pollination could also reduce the pollination cost. Cost of bee pollination reduced by 64.05% comparing to artificial pollination.