洞穴钟乳石类的分类方案

THE CLASSIFICATION SCHEME OF SPELEOTHEMS

为填补我国洞穴钟乳石类尚无一较系统的分类方案的空白,根据我国洞穴调查与探测的现有研究程度与发现,和我国主要属“雨水型喀斯特”的基本特点,提出了一个以钟乳石类形成的水动力机制为基础,以形态特征为主导,较适宜于中国洞穴应用的分类方案,共有重力水沉积、非重力水沉积、协同沉积、叠置沉积和异因同形沉积五大类,列出和讨论了在国内洞穴中已被发现分属于各类的60多种个体形态名称及其部分特征。

There is not a systematic classification scheme for speleothems.In order to meet the needs of classification for speleothem,a classification scheme that fits for the case of speleothems in China is put forth in this paper according to cave exploration and survey up to-date and the features of rain-water-type karst in our country.The basis of the scheme is the hydro-dynamics conditions for the formation of stalagmites,and the major standard is morphology feature.The speleothems are divided into 5 types by the cause of formation.The 5 types of speleothems are respectively formed by gravitational water deposit,non-gravitational water deposit,synergetic deposit,overlapping deposit and the homomorphic-heterogenetic deposit.The name and some characteristics of more than 60 kinds of speleothems in morphologic features that have been discovered in China are listed in the paper.