医务人员职业幸福感影响因素及提升策略研究

Research on doctors' occupational well-being influencing factors and promotion strategy

目的:分析影响职业幸福感的社会人口学和个体因素,为提升医务人员职业幸福感及满意度提供参考依据。方法:采用分层抽样的方法,从社区一级、二级、三级共29所医院随机抽取1302名医务人员,应用一般社会人口学信息调查表、工作幸福感量表、大五人格量表、一般自我效能感量表、知觉压力量表、社会支持评定量表进行问卷调查。结果:神经质、知觉压力与职业幸福感呈负相关(r>-0.5),自我效能感与职业幸福感呈正相关,与认知幸福感相关程度最高(r=0.510)。多元线性回归分析表明,神经质、知觉压力对职业幸福感有较强负性作用,自我效能感、开放性、支持利用度、休息时间对医务人员职业幸福感有较大正性作用。结论:自我效能感、人格等个体因素对职业幸福感影响比社会人口学因素大。医院管理者在逐步改善医务人员工作外部环境时,需要注重提升医务人员的自我效能感等个体可控因素,进而提升医务人员职业幸福感。

Objective: To Analyze the socio-demographic and individual factors of doctors' occupational well-being, and to provide a reference for improving doctors' occupational well-being. Methods: 1302 respondents were selected by Stratified random sampling method from 29 hospitals which included community health service centers, Two-A hospital and Three-A hospital, and investigated by using general social demographic information table, Work well-being scale, Big Five Iventory-10, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Chinese Perceived Stress Scale, Social support Rating Scale. Results: Neuroticism and perceived stress was negatively correlated with occupational well-being(r >-0.5), self-efficacy was positively correlated with occupational well-being and the highest degree in related to cognitive well-being(r = 0.510). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that neuroticism, perceived stress had a strong negative ef ect on occupational well-being, and self-efficacy, openness, support utilization had a positive ef ect on occupational well-being. Conclusion: Compared to social demographic factors, individual factors such as self-efficacy, personality have stronger influence on occupational well-being. While hospital managers are trying to improve the work environment of doctors, needs to pay attention to improve the doctor's individual controllable factors such as self-efficacy, thus improving doctor's occupational well-being.