南柴胡与常见混伪品的鉴别方法研究

Identification of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium And Its Adulterants

目的研究建立南柴胡与混伪品锥叶柴胡的鉴别方法。方法采用植物鉴定、药材性状鉴别、薄层色谱鉴别及DNA分子鉴定方法,对南柴胡及其混伪品锥叶柴胡进行鉴别研究。结果南柴胡与锥叶柴胡在植物形态、药材性状、薄层色谱方面有较明显的区别,DNA分子鉴定表明,南柴胡和锥叶柴胡的最小种间K-2-P距离大于种内最大K-2-P距离,NJ树中柴胡的不同基原样品各聚为一支,南柴胡与锥叶柴胡等其他混伪品分别表现出单系性,可明显区分开。结论本实验在对南柴胡及锥叶柴胡原植物形态学比较研究的基础上,找出了两者主要的鉴别特征,同时采用药材性状鉴别、薄层色谱鉴别与DNA分子鉴定手段相结合的方式模式,建立了南柴胡和锥叶柴胡的鉴别要点。DNA分子鉴定技术是传统鉴别技术的重要补充,具有很大的潜力和应用前景。

OBJECTIVE To explore a set of identification methods of discriminating Bupleurum scorzonerifolium from its adulterant Bupleuru bicaule. METHODS Methods of morphological comparison of plant samples with specimens,macroscopic identification of the roots,TLC identification of the root extracts,and DNA molecular identification by ITS2 sequence were applied. RESULTS There were distinctive differences in the morphological,macroscopic,and TLC characteristics between B. chinense and B. scorzomerifolium. The DNA of ITS2 sequence was able to be identified by measuring their mean intraspecific genetic distance( K-2-P distance) which was lower than their mean interspecific genetic distance. In the cluster dendrogram,both of them showed monophyletic property and could be distinguished from other adulterants. CONCLUSION On the basis of comparison of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium and its adulterant Bupleurum bicaule,the main identification features were summarized by a combination of original plant morphology,macroscopic identification of the roots,TLC identification,and DNA molecular identification methods. DNA identification technology is an important supplement of the traditional identification methods,which may have great potential and application prospect in origin identification of medicinal plants.