转型时期中国城镇亚贫困问题与相关社会政策研究

Urban Sub-poverty and Social Policies in the Transformation Periodof China

城镇亚贫困者是那些收入高于绝对贫困线但低于相对贫困线的人。由于我国目前城镇社会两极化非常严重,加上最低生活保障线的标准过低,亚贫困群体具有相当大的规模。城镇亚贫困问题是我国改革开放以后在社会经济转型过程中逐渐形成的。这些社会转型因素主要包括劳动收入分配制度改革、劳动就业方式的改变、社会保障制度改革、住房和教育制度的改革等等。本文在分析亚贫困问题产生的制度根源基础上,提出应当按照群体分类的原则分清目前城镇不同就业群体的社会政策受益,在此基础上依靠改革和完善社会政策体系来应对城镇亚贫困问题。

Urban sub-poverty people are those whose income higher than absolute poverty line but lower than relative poverty line.There are a huge number of sub-poverty people in city because the wealth distribution is polarizing since 1980 s and official poverty line is too low.Urban sub-poverty issue is resulted from social and economic transformation since reform and open up policy was adopted in 1980 s.These reforms include income redistribution policy,labor and employment policy,social security,housing and education policy etc.Based on the analysis of causation,this article suggest that social policy system reform is the answer of sub-poverty issue after considering the difference of social policy benefit offer to different working group.